[摘 要] 本文将对外贸易定义成一种产业，各外贸企业的进出口总额构成外贸产业的总产量。本文即是要考察整个外贸产业及其中产业部门是否存在集中度加大与市场垄断加强的趋势。若存在，中国的对外贸易法律该如何进一步修订与完善才能更好地对垄断行为进行管制，增强国内产业的国际竞争力。
本文从国际化角度出发，通过对外贸产业进出口集中度、出口集中度和进口集中度三项指标分别进行纵向比较分析后，证明中国外贸产业的总体集中度虽正在下降，竞争性有所增强，但当具体到石化产业等传统意义上的寡头垄断性产业时，其外贸进出口集中度反而增势明显，呈现出很强的垄断趋势，不利于效率的提高和经济的发展。
中国外贸领域部分产业的垄断经营是客观存在的，如何在外贸领域借鉴国外先进立法经验完善本国立法的问题值得研究。2004年修订并开始实施的《中华人民共和国对外贸易法》对反垄断做出了简单规定并取得了一些进展，如外贸经营权进一步被放开、外贸秩序中的反垄断问题开始被涉及等。但总的来说，在扩大贸易竞争自由和反对国内外市场垄断方面，外贸法存在着不少问题值得进一步关注与解决。为此，本文从反垄断立法角度出发对其不足之处做出了分析，并对完善中国外贸法中的反垄断立法问题提出了具有针对性的政策建议。

[关键词] 对外贸易产业 集中度 垄断 反垄断立法

[Abstract] This paper defines foreign-trade as an industry, and the import & export-gross constructs its total output. This paper wants to analyze if monopoly exists in the whole foreign-trade-industry or its certain sectors. If does, then the problem is how to amend the foreign-trade laws to control monopoly more effectively and boost up the competition abilities of China’s industry.
This paper starts analysis from the international view and analyzing with three indexes, such as the import & export concentration-ratio. It demonstrates that the concentration-ratio of China’s whole foreign-trade-industry is declining and competition is going up. But as for some traditional oligopoly-industries, their concentration-ratios increase instead, presenting a trend of monopoly obviously. It’s no doubt that this kind of monopoly will cumber the economy development of China.
Since the monopoly really exists in China’s certain foreign-trade-industries, it’s a significant thing to perfect China’s foreign-trade legislation by learning from other countries’ advanced antitrust-legislation experience. The new Foreign Trade Law of the People's Republic of China that was in force in Jul. 2004 has stated some antitrust articles. For example, the individuals have been authorized to engage foreign-trade affairs now. However， this law is far from perfect. So from the view of antitrust-legislation, this paper does deep analysis and put forward some advice to promote the perfection of China’s foreign-trade laws.

[Key words] Foreign-trade-industry ，Concentration-ratio，Monopoly，Antitrust-legislation

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